Skyscrapers, Damping Systems, and Physics :: physics buildings skyscraper architecture

Skyscrapers are amazing architectural defeats. Wonders of the world. How are they able to withstand counterbalance the strongest of winds and earthquakes?Today, engineers rely on damping systems to check natures take ins. There are many types of damping systems that engineers can now use for organizes, automobiles, and even tennis rackets This site focuses on damping systems in structures, mainly architectural variations of the tuned jackpot damper. How Tuned Mass Dampers WorkA tuned corpoproportionn damper (TMD) consists of a mass (m), a jump off (k), and a damping device (c), which dissipates the energy created by the campaign of the mass (usually in a form of heat). In this figure, M is the structure to which the damper would be attached.From the laws of physics, we know that F = ma and a = F/m. This means that when an external force is applied to a system, such as wind pushing on a skyscraper, there has to be an accleration. Consequently, the bulk in the skyscraper woul d get this acceleration. In order to make the occupants of the building feel more comfortable, tuned mass dampers are placed in structures where the horizontal deflections from the winds force are felt the greatest, effectively making the building stand comparatively still.When the building begins to oscillate or sway, it sets the TMD into motion by means of the spring and, when the building is forced right, the TMD simultaneously forces it to the left.Ideally, the frequencies and amplitudes of the TMD and the structure should nearly match so that EVERY time the wind pushes the building, the TMD creates an decent and opposite push on the building, keeping its horizontal displacement at or near zero. If their frequencies were importantly different, the TMD would create pushes that were out of sync with the pushes from the wind, and the buildings motion would still be uncomfortable for the occupants. If their amplitudes were significantly different, the TMD would, for example, creat e pushes that were in sync with the pushes from the wind but non quite the same size and the building would still experience besides much motion.The effectiveness of a TMD is dependent on the mass ratio (of the TMD to the structure itself), the ratio of the frequency of the TMD to the frequency of the structure (which is ideally equal to one), and the damping ratio of the TMD (how well the damping device dissipates energy).